Quick detachable wheel



Feb. 19, 1952 w. D. PECK QUICK DETACHABLE WHEEL 4 SheetsSheet 1 FiledMarch 16, 1950 IN VENTOR.

WOOLSEY D. PECK A MMM w I ATTORNEYS Feb. 19, 1952 w. D. PECK QUICKDETACHABLE WHEEL 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 16, 1950 INVENTOR.

WOOLSEY D. PECK ATTORNEYS 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Feb. 19, 1952 Filed March 16,1950 6 3 Ill.

FIG-4 ATTORNEYS Feb. 19, 1952 w. D. PECK QUICK DETACHABLE WHEEL 4Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 16, 1950 FIG.-

' ATTORNEYS Patented Feb. 19, 1952 Wodlsey *DrPec s, Detroit, Mien,assizlmrto' Edward H. Kramer, Detroit,

Application -Mareh .16, 195ll.z.Seriai;-No.;-15o,ons

The invention relates to quickly detachable vehicle wheels and to noveland improved structures therefor. It .is particularlvadaptedto theprovision of means .for rapidly removing automobile wheels of the.discftype, .even under difficult surrounding circumstancessuch asweather, road conditions .and the like.

Those accustomed l-to .,fdfiving automobiles, either pleasure vehiclesor trucks. anid paltlcularly the latter, are unpleasantly aware ofthefact that it is a laborious and sometimes dangerous task to remove-awheel, for example When a tire goes flat. vAn objectoftheDresentiinventionisto provide means vfor immediately removing, thewheel, of course, .aiterthe vehicle That's been elevated .by a jack, andjust as quickly replacing it by a spare wheel, or'ibythe original wheelafter the tire has been repaired.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from a study of thefollowing Specification, in conjunction withthe accompanying drawings,in which Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of 'one'embodimerit of myinvention, the wheel hub cap bein removed, and'thewheellocked'fin'placebymeans of a locking ring.

Fig. '2 is .aviewsimilar 'to 1 but *withithe locking ring expanded topermit removal 'of the wheel.

Fig. 3 is an exploded perspectiveview showing various operating parts of'1.

"Fig. 4 is a sectional viewpsormwhaterfiarged, taken on the line ltoi'iFi'g. 1.

Fig. 5xis a view similar "to Fig. 4, flout-withthe operating leveragefully expanded.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 'G'-.6 of Fig. 1.j

' Fig. '7 is a Tragmentary sifl'e elevationafl view showing anotherembodiment "of my duvention.

Fig. 8 is a view similar-to Fig. 7 *but with the locking ring expanded.

Fig. "9 is a top'plan view taken on th'e line 9-9 of Fig. *7.

Fig. '10 is a side elevational view showing d et another embodiment of"my invention.

Fig. 1 1 is a view similar 'to-Fig. 10 but with the ring-expanded.

Fig. 12 is a --seetienal view taken on the Zlme -l-2-l2of'Fig. 10.

Fig. 13 is 'a sectional view -taken on the line I3--'l3 :offFig. 11.

Fig. '14 is a perspective "view of a tool suitable for operation of thelooking ring mechanism inlliigs. I0, .11, '12 .13.

st am: first generally. an

Glaimsi (01.3.01 9) shown .hereindisclose a wheel or .donventional disk)type. with such structural cihanaes .as are required to aceommodatemynovel'attach'ing and detaching. mechanism. disk structure ;'is

adapted .to Joe fitted .over .a hub structure .having a pmmutynrprojections which ex end throu h apertures in the .disk structure. itlooking ring of .novel-type movably retained on the diskistri et'ure-when not in workin position, is sna ped intoflplace in aligned groovese ments .in theprojections whereby .to retain the disk structure .onthe hub structure. ring Iis of spring type, and ,isprovided .with meansfor radially expan ing it out of the .jgrooyes .to permit rapid removalof the disk structure.

\ Proceeding 105 to vthe embodiment s own :in Figs; .1 .to .6 inclusive,.1 show .a hub structure having a tubular .pontion provided with ,acentral borel-III .101 .the reception, of! Inotshownf) Attached .to the.inner face of the ;hub structure 55, .6 is .a brake drum 22 on .a drumcarrying disk 23. ,A rivet fl'iserves two purposes, namely (-1)" .tohnldbrake assem l in position and 2) .to provide a support for .the diskstructure when removing or replacing the disk structure topreventgitfrom droppinginto the slotlprovided iEor gsecur'ing"thellocking ring hereinafter to *be described. .A convezitionalrivet 16is used in tour spaced'Jocationsit-o .secunetheibrake drumassemtotheihuhstnucture. Extending axially "outw dly from the .outer."face 'theradially disp d flan e portion of the'hllb are spaced .m

jectionsu whichimay beof ny'gpartij ul Sh p adapted to have inte uptedse ments of an aligned circular .groove 1 215 in their radially outerperiphery, as best seen in :the exploded view of Fi .ififlpporta'ble QIthe hub structure "is the disk structure 15 "having a "plurality fspaced ap r tunes 21in the we purt n'thereoi. h aperture being designed,,in number and shape, to slip over projections 24,, as "best seen "in:Figs.3 and :6. On the axially jouteriface of diskstructure 26 :are

.a plurality of .i-etaimns fines 28.. shaped i section, "having .one leg"28a thereof rigidly -attacked Ito BhefliSkIIEBQ/Ell'fl thegparallel lee28b inwardly overhan in to retain alockins -=riir 2 thereunder. Ring "29.is split, and its adjacent ends are provided with'boredfbosses 30 and31.

Fixed in thef'bosses 30 iandtl are apair ofpins 3.! and provided with:ears "Maand $511. The ears ,are'pierced 'to "receive pivdt pins 38 and31 0'1 aitoggle linkage consisting of jaclckriifing arms 38 -'andf39,the opposing ends of which-are pivoted on pins .anddl, 'and -the centraltoggle joint is such an extent that it will not pass over the radialperiphery of supporting projections 24. By operating the toggle linkagefrom the position shown in Fig. 4 to that shown in Fig. 5 the ring ismoved axially outwardly approximately into contact with the centralportions 280 of lugs 28,

in which position the toggle has moved slightly over center so as tomaintain theringi expanded. When so expanded the disk structure can bepicked up and disposed on the hub structure, the supporting projections24 extending axially outwardly through apertures 21. When the positionshown in Fig. 6 is reached the toggle leverage is collapsed, and thering 29, one side of which has an inward tapered convergence, entersgroove 25, one side of Which also has an inward tapered convergence, thecombination of the taper of the ring and groove producing a wedgingeffect which not only tends to tighten the disk structure on the hubstructure, but even gets tighter in service as the movement of thevehicle is communicated to the disk structure.

It'will now be obvious that the disk structure can be instantly removedby swinging the, toggle leverage to extend the links to full length,this movement extricating the ring from the grooves, after which thedisk structure can be lifted from the hub structure.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in Figs. '7 to 9 inclusive.In this embodiment I have substituted a rack and pinion as a means forforcing'th'e ring open to clear the grooves. A housing 44 is fixed to aflange 45 attached to boss 3! on ring 29. The housing is elongated andserves as a guide for endwise movement of a rack 46 therein, the end ofthe rack being connected to boss 39 on ring 29. A semicylindrical bay44a on housing 4-4 carries a pinion 41 which is'in engagement with therack. Rotation of the pinion by means of any suitable crank ortoolcauses movement of the rack up to a maximum distancedetermined by thelength of the housing slot 48 in which'ridesthepin 49 connecting therack to boss 30. To prevent undesired rearward motion of the rack underthe spring bias of ring 29, I have shown'a locking dog 50 hinged to tab.5| on top of the housing, the dog having a finger 58a which is adaptedtodrop through an aperture in the top of the housing into one of a seriesof depressions, in the top of the rack to releasably hold the rack, forexample, in theposition shown in Fig. 8. I The operation of the devicewill otherwise be obvious from what has been said about thepreviousembodiment.

The lugs ll serve two purposes, namely (1) t9 hold the ring down in proper position and (2) to act'as a radial locator for the ring to'assurethe ring being held concentrically, and not remaining partially in'thegroove when expandedi Figs. to 14 inclusive illustrate yet anotherembodiment of the invention, In this embodiment the ring 29 has boredends 55 and 56 having therein fixed pins 51 and 58. A guide plate 59 isfixed on the disk structure at 60 (Fig. 12) andhas therein guide slotsBI and 62 inwhich pins 5'! and 58 can travel during radial. expansionand contraction of the ring. A toggle linkage 63, 64 has a central pivoton pin 65, the ends of the links being pivotally connected to respectivepins 5! and 58 (Fig. 13). Pin 65 can travel in a vertical slot 66 inguide plate 59. This toggle linkage is analogous to the linkage shown inFigs. 1 to 6 except that in the former embodiment the toggle moves in ahorizontal plane while in the present embodiment the toggle moves in avertical plane I In Fig. 14 I show a scissors-like tool having a pair ofpivoted operating arms 61, 68 and three operating sockets 69, 10 and H.Considering the position of the pins 51, 58 and 65 in Fig. 10, in whichthe ring is contracted to disk securing position, if the sockets 69, I0,and H are telescopingly applied on pins 5'1, 58 and 65 respectively, andthe arms 61 and 68 then swung apart, the pins will be=forcibly moved tothe opposite ends of their respective slots, the operating elementsassuming the positions shown in Fig. 11, in which the ring has beenexpanded by the toggle arm so that the disk structure can be strippedfrom the hub. Movement of the tool arms in the opposite direction willof course permit the ring to contract.

Fig. llshows the toggle linkage slightly above dead center so that thetoggle will maintain this position until forcibly retracted. Arm 6'! ofthe tool has a wedge shaped end 61a to serve inremoving a hub cap,or'the like.

,'What I claim is: b b '1'. A quick detachable wheel assembly,comprising a hub structure having an axle-receiving tubular portion anda radially disposed flange portion surrounding said tubular'portion,said yond those parts of the web portion of each of said projectionsbeing provided on its radial outer surface with a ring-receiving groove,a resilient split ring disposed on the axially outer surface of the webportion of said disk structure for removable seating engagement in thegrooves of said projecting portions, said ring having a normal tendencyto radially contract to a size to seat in such grooves, and togglelinkage pivotally connected ;to the end portions of said ring foreffecting, upon movement toward straightening relationship, radialexpansion of said ring todisengage it from said grooves and therebypermit removal ofthe disk structure from the hub structure, said togglelinkage being provided with bodily movable portions for manipulation ineffecting straightening movement of the linkage, said bodily-movablemanipulating portions extending axially outward substantially beyond theadjacent outermost axial surfaces of the links of b said linkage forconvenient access thereto.

2. A quick detachable wheel assembly, comprising a hub structure havingan axle-receiving tubular portion and a radially disposed flange portionsurrounding said tubular portion, said flange portion being providedwith circumferentially spaced projections extending axially out wardly,a disk structure having a central opening to receive said tubularportion and having a surrounding web .portion ,.for disposition along.the axially outer' suria'ceoi said flange portion,said"webportion'being provided in spaced relasurround said apertures andthe projecting .por-

tion of each of said projections being provided on its radial ,outersurface with a ring-receiving groove, :a resilient split ring disposed Ion the ,axially outer surface of the :web portion of said disk structurefor removable seating :engagement in the grooves of said projectionportions, said ring having a normal tendency to radially con tract to asize to-seat in such l grooves, and toggle linkage pivotally connected"to the end portions of said ring foreffec'ting, upon movement :towardstraightening relationship, radial expansion of said ring to disengageit from said grooves and thereby permit removal of the disk structurefrom the hub structure, said toggle linkage ib'eing provided at thepivotal connections thereof with bodily movable portions :formanipulation in effecting straightening movement of the linkage,

said bodily movable manipulating "portions extending axially outwardsubstantially beyond the adjacent outermost axial surfacesof the linksof said linkage for convenient access thereto.

3. A quick detachable wheel assembly, comprising a hub structure havingan axle-receiving tubular portion and 'a radially disposed flangeportion surrounding said tubular portion, "said flange portion beingprovided with circumferentially spaced projectionsextending axiallyoutwardly, 'a'disk structure having a central opening to receive saidtubular portion and having a surrounding web portion -for dispositionalong the axially outer surface of said flange portion, said web portionbeing provided in spaced relation to said opening-Withapertures'toreceivethe projections of said "hub portion, saidprojections being of a length to project axially outwardly beyond thoseparts of the web portion which surround said apertures and'theprojectingportion-of each of said projections being provided on its radial outersurface with "a ring-receiving groove, a resilient split ring disposedon the axially outer surface of the-web portion of said disk structureforremovable seating engagement in the grooves of said projectingportions, said ring having a normal tendency to radially contract to asize to seat in such grooves, and toggle linkage pivotally-connected tothe end portions of said'ring for efiecting, upon movement-towardstraightening relationship, radial expansion of said ring to disengageit from said grooves and thereby permit removal of the disk structurefrom the hub structure,said toggle linkage being provided with bodilymovable pin-like portions for manipulation in effecting straighteningmovement of the linkage, said bodily movable manipulating portionsextending axially outward substantially beyond the adjacent outermostaxial surfaces of the l-inks of said linkage for convenient accessthereto.

-4. A quick detachable wheel assembly, comprising a hub structure havingan axle-receiving tubular portion and a radially disposed flange portionsurrounding said tubular portion, said flange portion being providedwith circumferentia'll-y spaced projections extending axiallyoutwardly,a disk structure having a central opening to receivesaid tubular portionand having -a surrounding web portion for disposition alongside the-axially outer surface of said flange portion, said web portion 'beingprovided in spaced 'rlation to said opening with apertures to receivethe projections .of said hub portion, sazld projections :being .of :alength ztomprojectraxially .outwardly beyond those parts :of the -webportion which surrou-ndsaidapertures :and the projecting portion of eachof said proj ections being provided on its radial outersurface with aring-receiving groove, a resilient split :ring disposed on the axiallyouter surface of the web portion :of saiddisk structure for removableseating engagement in the grooves of said projecting portions, said ringhaving a normal tendency :to radial-ly '.contract to a size to seat insuch grooves, toggle linkage pivotally connected to the :end portions ofsaid. ring for effecting, -upon movement toward straighteningrelationship,;radial expansion of said ring to disengage it from said'grooves and thereby permit removal of the disk structure from the hubstructure, said toggle linkage being provided with bodily movableportions for manipulation in efiecting straightening 'movement of thelinkage, and plate-like means *secured to said disk structure and havingguide slots for, and axially outwardly through which project, themanipulating portions of said toggle linkage.

5. A quick detachable wheel assembly, comprising a hub structure havingan axle-receiving tubular portion and a radially disposed flange portionsurrounding said tubular portion, said flange portion being providedwith circumferentially spaced projections extending axially out-'wardly, a disk'structurehaving a central opening to receive saidtubularportion and having a surrounding web portion for dispositionalongside the axially outer surface of said flange portion, said webportion being provided in spaced relation to said opening with apertures.to receive the projections of said'hub portion, 'said'pro'jectionsbeing of a length to project axially outwardly beyond those parts of theweb portion which surround said apertures and the project-- ing portionof each of said projections being provided on its radial outer surfacewith a ringreceiving groove, a resilient split ring disposed on theaxially outer surface of the web portion of said disk structure forremovable seating engagement in the grooves of said projecting portions,said ring having a normal tendency to radially contract to ,a size toseat in suc'hgrooves, apair of togg'lejlinks, means by which they arepivotally connected, means by which said links are pivotally connectedto the .end portions of said ring, the toggle links effecting, uponmovement toward straightening relationship, radial expansion of the,ring to disengage it from said grooves and thereby permit removal ofthe disk structure from the ,hub structure, the means by which saidtoggle links are pivotally connected and the means by which said togglelinks are pivotally connected to the ring being provided with axiallyoutwardly extending toggle manipulating portions, and plate meanssecured to said disk structure and having guiding slots axiallyoutwardly through which extend said toggle manipulating portions, theguiding slot for the toggle manipulating portion of the means "by whichthe links are pivotally connected being a substantially radiallydisposed slot.

6. A quick detachable wheel assembly, comprising a hub structure havingan axle-receiving tubular portion and a radially disposed .flangeportion surrounding .said tubular portion, said flange portion beingprovided with circumferentially spaced projections extending axiallyoutwardly, a :disk "structure having a central opening toreceive saidtubular portion andhaving a surrounding web portion for dispositionalongside the. axially-outer surface of said flange portion, said webportion being provided in spaced relation to said opening with aperturesto receive the projections of said hub portion, said projections beingof a length to project axially outwardly beyond those parts of the webportion which surround said apertures -and the projecting portion ofeach of said projections being provided on its radial outer surface witha ring-receiving groove, a resilient split ring disposed on the axiallyouter surface of the web portion of said disk structure for removableseating engagement in the grooves of said projecting portions, said ringhaving a normal tendency to radially contract to a size to seat in suchgrooves, a pair of toggle links, means by which they are pivotallyconnected, means by which said links are pivotally connected to the endportions of said ring, the toggle links effecting, upon movement towardstraightening relationship, radial expansion of the ring to disengage itfrom said grooves and thereby permit removal of the disk structure fromthe hub structure, the means by which said toggle links are pivotallyconnected and the means by which said toggle links are pivotallyconnected to the ring being provided with axially outwardly extendingtoggle manipulating portions, and plate means secured to said diskstructure and having guiding slots axially outwardly through whichextend said toggle manipulating portions, the guiding slot for thetoggle manipulating portion of the means by which the links arepivotally connected being a substantially radially disposed slot and theguiding slots for the toggle manipulating portions of the means by whichthe links are pivotally connected to the ring being slots generallynormal to such radially disposed slot.

7 A quick detachable wheel assembly, comprising a hub structure havingan axle-receiving tubular portion and a radially disposed flange portionsurrounding said tubular portion, said flange portion being providedwith circumferentially spaced projections extending axially outwardly, adisk structure having a central opening to receive said tubular portionand having a surrounding web portion for disposition along the axiallyouter surface of said flange portion, said web portion being provided inspaced relation to said opening with apertures to receive theprojections of said hub portion, said projections being of a length toproject axially outwardly beyond those parts of the web portion whichsurround said apertures and the projecting portion ofeach of saidprojections being provided on its radial outer surface with aring-receiving groove, a resilient split ring disposed on the axiallyouter surface of the Web portion of said disk structure for removableseating engagement in the grooves of said projecting portions, said ringhaving a normal tendency to radially contract to a size to seat in suchgrooves, said ring and said grooves being of corresponding tapered formin cross dimension so that said ring seats in said grooves with awedging effect, and toggle linkage pivotally connected to the endportions of said ring for effecting, upon movement toward straighteningrelationship, radial expansion of said ring to disengage it from saidgrooves and thereby permit removal of the disk structure from the hubstructure, said toggle linkage being provided with bodily movableportions for manipulation in effecting straightening movement of thelinkage, said bodily movable manipulating portions extending axiallyoutward substantially beyond the adjacent outermost axial surfaces ofthe links of said linkage.

8. A quick detachable wheel assembly, corn-E prising a hub structurehaving an axle-receiving tubular portion and a radially disposed flangewardly, a disk structure having a central opening to receive saidtubular portion and having a surrounding web portion for dispositionalong the axially outer surface of said flange portion, said web portionbeing provided in spaced relation to said opening with apertures toreceive the projections of said hub portion, said projections being of alength to project axially outwardly beyond those parts of the webportion which surround said apertures and the projecting portion of eachof said projections being provided on its radial outer surface with aring-receiving groove, a resilient split ring disposed on the axiallyouter surface of the web portion of said disk structure for, removableseating engagement in the grooves of said projection portions, said ringhaving a normal tendency to radially contract to a size to seat in suchgrooves, toggle linkage pivotally connected to the end portions of saidring for effecting, upon movement toward straightening relationship,radial expansion of said ring to disengage it from said grooves andthereby permit removal of the disk structure from the hub structure, andlugs carried by said disk structure for retaining said ring in assemblywith said disk structure upon such radial expansion of the ring, saidtoggle linkage being provided with bodily movable portions formanipulation in effecting straightening movement of the like, saidbodily movable manipulating portions extending axially outwardsubstantially beyond the adjacent outermost axial surfaces of the linksof said linkage.

9. A quick detachable wheel assembly, comprising a hub structure havingan axle-receiving tubular portion and a radially disposed flange portionsurrounding said tubular portion, said flange portion being providedwith circumferening to receive said tubular portion and having asurrounding web portion for disposition along-, side the axially outersurface of said flange per-- tion, said web portion being provided inspaced relation to said opening with apertures to receive theprojections of said hub portion, said projections being of a length toproject axially outwardly beyond those parts of the web portion whichsurround said apertures and the projecting portion of each of saidprojections being provided on its radial outer surface with aring-receivinggroove, a resilient split ring disposed on the axiallyouter surface of the web portion of said disk structure for removableseating engagement in the grooves of said projecting portions, said ringhaving a normal tendency to radially contact to a size to seat in suchgrooves, a pair of toggle links, means by which they are pivotallyconnected to each other, means by which said links are pivotallyconnected to the end portions of said ring, the toggle links effecting,uponmovement toward straightening relationship, radial expansion of thering to disengage it from said grooves and thereby permit removal of thediskstructure from the hub structure, the means by which the togglelinks are pivotally connected to each other being provided with a bodilymovable 9 portion for manipulation in eifecting straightening movementof the toggle links, said bodily movable manipulating portion extendingaxially outward substantially beyond the adjacent outermost axialsurfaces of said toggle links for convenient access thereto.

10. A quick detachable wheel assembly, comprising a hub structure havingan axle-receiving tubular portion and a radially disposed flange portionsurrounding said tubular portion, said flange portion being providedwith circumferentially spaced projections extending axially outwardly, adisk structure having a central opening to receive said tubular portionand having a surrounding web portion for disposition alongside theaxially outer surface of said flange portion, said web portion beingprovided in spaced relation to said opening with apertures to receivethe projections of said hub portion, said projections being of a lengthto project axially outwardly beyond those parts of the web portion whichsurround said apertures and the projecting portion of each of saidprojections being provided on its radial outer surface with aringreceiving groove, a resilient split ring disposed on the axiallyouter surface of the web portion of said disk structure for removableseating engagement in the grooves of said projecting portions, said ringhaving a normal tendency to radially contract to a size to seat in suchgrooves, a pair of toggle links, pivot means by which they are pivotallyconnected to each other, means by which said links are pivotallyconnected to the end portions of said ring, the toggle links efiect- 10ing, upon movement toward straightening relationship, radial expansionof the ring to disengage it from said grooves and thereby permit removalof the disk structure from the hub struc ture, the pivot means by whichthe toggle links are pivotally connected to each other being providedwith an integral extension bodily movable in a radial outward directionfor efiecting straightening movement of the toggle links, said pivotmeans extension projecting axially outward substantially beyond theadjacent outermost axial surfaces of said toggle links for convenientaccess thereto.

' WOOLSEY D. PECK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 852,998 Bridgers May '7, 19071,139,151 Arthur May 11, 1915 1,402,440 Putnam Jan. 3, 1922 1,425,025LaCour Aug. 8, 1922 1,689,273 Zipper Oct. 30, 1928 2,210,451 GalindoAug. 6, 1940 2,513,032 Lewis June 27, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS NumberCountry Date 581,264 France 1924 596,212 France 1925

